WPC Flooring – A Comprehensive Guide for Homeowners

Wood polymer composite flooring, also known as WPC, is a popular choice today. It offers numerous benefits, including durability, scratch resistance, waterproofing, and eco-friendliness.

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What is WPC Flooring?

Wood Polymer Composite (WPC) combines the strength of hardwood with the resilience of plastic. It blends natural wood fibers with plastic polymers to produce a sturdy, waterproof core.

WPC flooring has the natural look of solid hardwood flooring but surpasses it in terms of water resistance. The flooring is also more budget-friendly, starting at only $4 per square foot.

What is the Construction of WPC Flooring?

Like luxury vinyl plank flooring, WPC uses multiple layers, each contributing specific characteristics to the final product. Here’s a detailed look at the typical construction layers from bottom to top:

1. Backing Layer

The base or backing layer is the bottom-most part of WPC flooring. Its primary function is to stabilize the plank and ensure it lies flat against the subfloor. This layer often includes an attached underlayment made from cork or foam.

The attached pad (underlayment) can offer additional benefits, such as sound dampening and a softer feel underfoot. It also helps with moisture protection, especially when installed over concrete or other hard surfaces.

2. WPC Core Layer

The heart of the flooring is the wood polymer composite core, which consists of wood fibers or wood flour. It combines with thermoplastics, such as PVC, and other additives, including foaming agents, binders, UV stabilizers, and colorants.

This layer is responsible for most of the floor’s properties, including its durability, water resistance, and rigidity. Despite being waterproof, the WPC core remains slightly flexible. Therefore, WPC is more comfortable underfoot than harder materials, such as rigid core, tile, stone, or ceramic.

3. Printed Vinyl Layer

Above the core is the printed vinyl layer, which gives the flooring incredible realism. The print layer uses a high-definition photographic image printed onto a vinyl sheet.

It allows WPC to mimic various natural materials, including wood, stone, and tile types.

4. Wear Layer

The topmost layer is the wear layer, a clear coating of durable materials such as urethane. It protects the floor from the rigors of daily use, including scratches, stains, and fading.

The thickness of the wear layer varies but is a critical factor in determining the flooring’s durability and longevity. Higher-quality WPC flooring options often feature thicker wear layers for enhanced protection.

This multi-layer construction combines the aesthetics of natural wood with the practical benefits of vinyl and composite materials.

What is the Difference Between WPC and SPC Flooring?

SPC and WPC floors are each part of the rigid core luxury vinyl family. To understand the difference, refer only to the first initial in their names.

The “w” refers to wood, while the “s” refers to stone. So, stone-polymer composite (SPC) flooring uses a mixture of limestone and plastic polymers in its core.

The stone makes SPC flooring denser, harder, and more impact-resistant.

As noted, WPC flooring uses wood as its core to create a softer, more comfortable feel underfoot. It also offers better insulation. If you prefer rigid core luxury vinyl flooring, consider the wood composite option for your home.

If you’re wondering, luxury vinyl tile (LVT) flooring is similar to WPC and SPC flooring. However, it has a vinyl core, which makes it thinner and more flexible.

Does WPC Need Underlayment?

WPC flooring options come with an attached pad. That pad adds sound insulation and helps to smooth out uneven subfloors. This feature makes the installation process quicker and easier.

How Long Do WPC Floors Last?

With proper care and maintenance, WPC floors can last 20 to 25 years or more. Pay attention to the overall thickness and thickness of the wear layer—both contribute to a longer-lasting floor.

Typically, WPC floors are 4mm to 12mm thick, including all flooring layers.

Some companies, like Robbins®, include a lifetime residential warranty with their WPC floors. Horizon’s Embrace™ WPC flooring is available in six colors, including three that are embossed in register, providing a more realistic wood look and feel.

What are the Advantages of WPC Flooring?

Wood polymer composite flooring offers several compelling advantages, making it a favored choice among homeowners and commercial property owners alike:

• Waterproof: WPC’s core composition makes it inherently 100% waterproof. So, unlike solid hardwoods, you can install it in moisture-prone areas without the risk of damage.
• Durability: WPC can withstand heavy foot traffic and resist scratches and dents. Wood-polymer composite flooring is the perfect solution for an active household with pets or kids. It’s softer on the foot than other rigid core products.
• Easy Installation: WPC flooring generally has a click-lock installation system (think DIY). This makes it easy to install over existing flooring without the need for adhesives. You can install it over any hard surface, even if the surface is imperfect or uneven.
• Comfort: WPC’s thicker core provides a softer feel underfoot than flooring like porcelain tile.
• Aesthetic Appeal: With advanced print manufacturing technology known as embossed in register, WPC flooring can replicate the authentic look and feel of natural wood, featuring a surface texture that mimics the real thing. A variety of designs in multiple colors and styles are available to suit any décor.
• Low Maintenance: WPC floors are easy to clean and maintain. Regular sweeping and occasional vacuuming or mopping can keep them looking new for decades.

How Much Does WPC Cost?

Most people consider WPC flooring a mid-range option. It tends to be more expensive than standard luxury vinyl tile (LVT). However, it’s typically less costly than natural wood flooring.

Costs can vary significantly based on the product’s thickness, wear layer, and quality. However, you can expect to pay anywhere from $2 to $7 per square foot, excluding installation costs. Compare that to hardwood, typically costing $6 to $12 per square foot.

Look to Robbins® for Your Flooring

WPC, solid and engineered hardwood, —Robbins carries today’s popular flooring solutions. Our products are available at flooring dealers throughout the U.S.

Whether you want to install decking for a garden floor or wall cladding, choose WPC deck. It is durable, water-resistant, strong, and offers a unique look. Also, this decking is cost-effective, requires less maintenance, and lasts for years. As there are different types of WPC decks available, you can find your perfect match easily.

In this comprehensive guide, I have mentioned the definition of WPC decking, its surface treatment, benefits, uses, and more. Read this whole article to become an expert on WPC deck–

What Is WPC Decking?

Wood plastic composite (WPC) decking is made from wood fiber combined with different types of thermoplastics. As this material has 50-75% wood content, you can get a natural look. Also, the more wood, the stronger the decking will be. Therefore, you can use it for outdoor decoration like balconies, terraces, walkways, and more. 

Unlike traditional wood decking, WPC is resistant to moisture, insects, and decay. This way, it offers homeowners like you a long-lasting decking solution that requires minimal maintenance. It is also highly customizable and comes with various finishes and textures.

Learn About WPC Decking

Below, I have mentioned some additional information about the WPC deck–

What Are The Components Of WPC Deck?

The main components of the WPC deck are recycled hardwood fibers and plastic. Basically, this contains 60% wood and 30% plastic. And the other 10% is additional chemicals. However, this equation can vary based on different manufacturers.

WPC Deck Dimensions

The dimensions of the WPC depend on specific needs. However, the common dimensions are 140x20mm, 140x25mm, 140x23mm, 150x23mm. As the custom option is available, you can make an order based on your project’s requirements. 

Types Of WPC Decks

WPC decks can be of different types and can match different applications. For instance–

1.Traditional Deck (1st generation deck)

Traditional or first-generation WPC decks are made from a blend of wood fibers and plastic without a protective outer layer. This is cost-effective, and decks are more susceptible to damage from UV rays, moisture, and mold. Its lack of protective coating leads to higher maintenance requirements and a shorter lifespan compared to newer co-extruded options.

2.Embossed Deck

Embossed decks feature a textured surface that mimics the appearance of natural wood grain. This design not only enhances aesthetic appeal but also provides additional slip resistance. The embossing process adds depth and character to the decking while maintaining the low-maintenance benefits typical of composite materials.

3.2nd Generation Co-extruded Deck

A 2nd Generation co-extruded deck refers to a type of composite decking material that is made using advanced co-extrusion technology. In this process, two or more layers of materials are combined during manufacturing. One layer typically has a durable, weather-resistant plastic exterior, and the other layer has a wood composite core. The second generation of this technology enhances durability, resistance to staining, fading, and more.

4.ASA Co-extruded Deck (three generations of co-extruded deck)

ASA co-extruded decks are a third-generation advancement in WPC technology. This used Acrylonitrile Styrene Acrylate (ASA) for the outer layer. This material offers exceptional weather resistance and color retention, perfect for outdoor environments. The three generations of co-extrusion signify continuous improvements in durability, aesthetics, and overall performance.

Surface Treatment Of WPC Deck

Embossed: Embossing means pressing patterns or textures onto the WPC surface during manufacturing. Through this process, the WPC deck has a wood-like look and increases slip resistance. And you can use it in high-traffic areas.

Engraving: Engraving is a precise treatment where patterns or designs are carved into the WPC surface. This method is often used for decorative purposes and is perfect for custom designs or branding. However, this technique can require more maintenance to keep the intricate details clean.

Co-extrusion: This is a modern surface treatment where an additional protective layer is bonded to the WPC core during manufacturing. This layer enhances resistance to UV rays, stains, and moisture. Plus, co-extruded WPC decking is highly durable and requires minimal maintenance.

Normal: Normal or untreated WPC decking surfaces retain their original finish without additional textures or coatings. While cost-effective, these surfaces can be more prone to fading, scratches, and staining compared to treated options. However, by regular cleaning and occasional sealing, you can help maintain their appearance.

Quality And Standards Of WPC Deck

WPC decking is a durable, eco-friendly material combining wood fibers and synthetic polymers. Its quality is defined by compliance with standards like ASTM E84 for flame spread and EN -1 for fire resistance, ensuring safety in construction. 

Besides, WPC decking offers inherent fire-resistant properties, low flame spread, and self-extinguishing capabilities. Therefore, you can say it is safer than traditional wood. And its structural stability must meet NCC performance requirements, including slip resistance and termite protection. Not to mention that the proper installation and adherence to standards are crucial for performance and safety.

WPC Deck Applications

You can use the WPC deck in a wide range of applications from the garden floor to the swimming pool floor–

• Garden floor: WPC decking is ideal for garden floors, offering durability and low maintenance. It withstands weather conditions and provides a natural look, enhancing outdoor spaces.

• Patio flooring: WPC patio flooring is a popular choice due to its resistance to weathering and ease of installation. It creates a cozy outdoor space that is both durable and visually appealing.

• Swimming pool floor: WPC decking around swimming pools is safe and slip-resistant. And it provides a comfortable surface for poolside areas. At the same time, WPC decking can resist chlorine and other chemicals, and increase longevity.

• WPC Wall Cladding: WPC wall cladding enhances exterior aesthetics while providing insulation and protection from the elements. It is easy to install and maintain and offers a modern look that can match your various architectural styles. Plus, WPC cladding is resistant to rot and insect damage, ensuring a long-lasting exterior finish.

• WPC Walkway Decking: WPC walkway decking is perfect for creating pathways and walkways in gardens or parks. It is durable, resistant to moisture, and more. The textured surface provides traction, making it safe for use in wet conditions. It also adds a stylish touch to outdoor landscapes.

The History Of Wood-Plastic Flooring

Invented in Milan in by an Italian plastics company, WPC was initially called Plastic-Wood. By the mid-60s, Icma San Giorgio patented the process of mixing wood fibers with thermoplastics. Though still new in some industries, WPC gained popularity in the late 80s for door frames, benches, and furniture. 

By the 90s, it became a top choice for decking, fencing, and cladding. WPC’s longevity, water resistance, and eco-friendliness make it a strong alternative to timber. 

Benefits Of WPC Decking

The advantages of WPC decking are several. It is strong, fire resistant, and more–

• Durability and longevity

WPC decking is durable and has a long lifespan. As it is made with mixed material, it can resist stains, mold, fading, and more. Also, WPC decking can prevent deformation, and decay and can last for around 20 to 30 years. 

If you want to learn more, please visit our website U-timber.

• Low maintenance costs

WPC decking requires low maintenance; therefore, you don’t have to paint, stain, or sand frequently. However, you can clean the deck often with soap and water. This way, the WPC deck will remain for years and reduce your maintenance costs.

• Fire, moisture, and insect resistant

WPC decking is moisture, fire, insect, and more resistant than traditional decks. Also, it can withstand environmental challenges. 

• Eco-friendly

WPC decking is eco-friendly, and often made from recycled materials. It reduces waste and supports sustainable practices. It is the preferred choice for environmentally conscious consumers.

Basically, it is made with recycled products and has a long lifespan. So, you don’t have to replace or repair any materials often.

• Aesthetically pleasing

The other best part about this deck is its aesthetically pleasing appearance and its natural wood look. By using it, you can increase outdoor spaces with its versatile design and colors. 

• Good safety

WPC decking features a non-slip woodgrain surface. This ensures safety by reducing the risk of slips and falls. This makes it suitable for family homes and public spaces.

Comparison With Other Decorative Materials

Let’s take a look at the comparison between WPC decking and other materials–

1.Traditional Wood Flooring

As the WPC decking is made with plastic and wood fibers, it can resist insect attack, decay, fading, warping, and more. Therefore, it can withstand harsh weather and extreme climate conditions. On the other hand, traditional wood decking has natural wood strengths. However, it has problems like warping, insect infestations, etc. 

Besides, WPC decking is designed for versatile use, it comes with different hues, styles, finishes, and more. While conventional decking does come with natural wood beauty, it offers limited options for painting and staining. 

2.Concrete Floors

WPC decking is easy to install and lightweight, offering a better aesthetic look with wood-like textures. Also, it can resist moisture and mold and is perfect for outdoor use. Whereas, concrete floors are highly durable, weather resistant, and low cost. And you can use it for heavy loads and require less maintenance. However, it lacks aesthetic appeal and can be cracked over time. 

Planning Your WPC Deck

Before installing, you have to take some essential steps to make the installation process easy. So follow the below guides–

Design Considerations

The shape and size of your WPC deck depend on the available outdoor space and its intended use. A simple rectangular design is easier for DIY projects, while irregular or multi-level designs add visual interest but require more planning. 

On the other hand, a strong substructure is key to a durable WPC deck. So you can use pressure-treated wood or metal for joists and beams. Besides, proper drainage prevents water pooling, which can damage the deck over time. And adequate ventilation beneath the deck prevents moisture buildup, which can lead to structural deterioration.

Building Codes And Regulations

Before starting the installation of WPC decking, check local building codes and regulations. And if needed, obtain necessary permits, and ensure your design complies with safety standards, such as railing height and load-bearing capacity. In some cases, professional engineering approval can be required for structural plans.

Preparation Of Tools And Materials

Gather essential tools like a circular saw, drill, level, tape measure, and miter saw. Also, ensure you have WPC boards, corrosion-resistant screws, joists, and footings. You can create a detailed materials list based on your design to avoid delays during construction.

Cost Analysis

The initial cost of installing a WPC deck includes materials and labor. On average, WPC decking price ranges from $25.36–$63.40 per m² depending on quality. For a standard 15 m² deck, you expect to pay around $1,950, with installation. However, larger decks of 30 m² can cost approximately $3,350.

WPC decks are low-maintenance compared to traditional wood. And maintenance costs like cleaning products are $3.80–$7.60 per tube of sealant and occasional oil finishes are $57.06–$76.08 per gallon. Over time, annual maintenance costs average $63.40–$126.80.

Installation Of Wood-Plastic Flooring

Installing WPC flooring requires you to follow some basic steps. For instance–

Distributed Installation Steps

Let’s see a detailed breakdown of the steps required to install WPC decking–

Step 1: Surface preparation (cleaning and leveling)

Before installation of the WPC deck, dry and clean the area first. For this, you have to remove any weeds, debris, or uneven areas. For soil installations, you can create a sturdy base using compacted gravel or concrete.

Step 2: Frame construction and fixing

Now, construct a joist frame to support the decking boards. And joists should be spaced evenly, for instance, you can use 300mm for square hollow decking, 350mm for circle hollow decking, and 400mm for solid decking. Also, you have to secure joists to the ground using expansion screws or self-tapping screws. Then, ensure all joists are level and properly aligned for better performance.

Step 3: Installation of starter clips

In this step, attach starter clips along the perimeter of the joists. These clips secure the first board in place. And you should maintain a gap of approximately 8mm between the starter clip and any walls or boundaries.

Step 4: Location and spacing of WPC flooring

Begin by laying the first WPC decking board into the starter clips. And use spacers to maintain an even gap (typically 6mm) between boards for natural expansion and contraction of temperature changes. After that, align boards carefully using a spirit level to ensure they remain flat and straight throughout the installation.

Step 5: Fastening methods (concealed and face screwing)

You can use hidden fasteners like clips for a seamless look or face screws for visible fixing. For this technique use clips between boards and secure them to the joists with screws for concealed fastening. Another fastening method is face screwing. For this, you have to pre-drill holes in the boards to avoid splitting. Next, you can secure them directly to the joists with stainless steel screws.

Step 6: Reservation of expansion gap

Leave an expansion gap of approximately 6 to 10mm around the perimeter of the deck. This will accommodate material expansion due to weather changes.

Advanced Installation Techniques

Let’s see here some advanced WPC deck installation techniques to get smooth performance–

Thermal Expansion Management

WPC decking expands and contracts with temperature changes. So, you have to leave expansion gaps between boards and secure them with hidden fasteners for flexibility. Also, end caps or expansion joints can be helpful in preventing warping. However, if you install it during moderate temperatures, it can minimize post-installation movement.

Hide Edge Contours

For a polished look, you can conceal edges with fascia boards, trim, or picture-framing techniques. Also, use color-matched edge covers or mitered corners for a seamless finish. Not to mention that the skirting can hide exposed board ends. Hence, with proper finishing, you can enhance aesthetics and protect edges from moisture, dirt, and wear over time.

 Installation Mistakes To Avoid

• The first mistake you have to avoid is ensuring the ground is level, compacted, and free of debris before installation. Because uneven or weak subfloors can cause warping, cracking, or structural instability over time
• Maintain proper gaps between boards to allow for expansion and contraction for temperature changes. Therefore, you can use spacers to ensure consistent spacing and prevent buckling or cracking.
• While installing, allow sufficient air circulation and proper drainage beneath the WPC deck. This will prevent waterlogging, mold growth, and material degradation.
• Always try to use high-quality screws or fasteners designed for WPC materials. As the substandard fasteners can corrode, or split the boards, compromising the deck’s integrity
• Also, check local regulations and obtain necessary permits before installing the WPC deck. Otherwise, you can charge fines.
• After installation, you have to regularly clean your WPC deck with mild detergent and avoid harsh chemicals that can damage the surface. Also, sweep away leaves and debris to prevent staining and water pooling.

DIY WPC Deck

Installing a DIY WPC deck is simple if you follow some steps. 

• First, prepare the site by leveling the ground and ensuring proper drainage. 
• Next, install a solid subframe using treated wood or aluminum joists, spacing them evenly for stability. 
• Now, lay the WPC decking boards, leaving expansion gaps, and secure them with hidden fasteners. You can start from one edge and work systematically. 
• WPC deck boards can be easily cut as needed for a perfect fit. 
• Once installed, you have to check for alignment and tighten any loose fasteners. 
• Finally, clean the surface and enjoy your durable, low-maintenance deck. Remember regular cleaning will keep it looking great for years. However, if you want to install the WPC deck tiles yourself, read this article for information on WPC Deck Tiles.

Market Trend Of Wood Plastic Deck

Here, I have included the latest market trend of the WPC deck for your better understanding–

• Overview of the current market

The wood plastic composite market is experiencing strong growth in recent years. It will grow from $6.91 billion in to $7.77 billion in at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 12.6%. The key drivers include advancements in composite technology, rising consumer interest in outdoor living spaces, etc.

• Regional analyses (North America, Europe, Asia-Pacific)

The largest market for WPC decks is in North America. Basically, it takes advantage of rising home improvement trends and eco-conscious consumers. In contrast, strong environmental regulations and demand for sustainable materials drive Europe. On the other hand, Asia-Pacific sees rapid growth, fueled by urbanization, and rising disposable income. Also, it will increase awareness of long-lasting alternatives to traditional wood decking.

• Growth factors and future opportunities

The wood-plastic composite (WPC) decking market is expanding due to rising demand for sustainable, durable, and low-maintenance materials. Also, its use of recycled materials aligns with global sustainability goals. And this is driving adoption in residential and commercial sectors. Again, advancements in WPC technology have enhanced aesthetics and performance, opening opportunities in outdoor living spaces and modern construction projects.

• Sustainability and environmental impact

Wood plastic decking reduces deforestation by utilizing recycled wood and plastic. It offers a longer lifespan and requires less maintenance than traditional wood. Also, the manufacturers focus on recyclable composites, reducing plastic waste. As sustainability gains priority, eco-friendly decking solutions will shape the market’s future.

Summarize

If you want to make your outdoor area look different and aesthetic, WPC can be your best option. This is strong and can resist moisture, insects, and even water. WPC deck is installed quickly and has a longer lifespan than other competitors. 

So if you want the best WPC deck that is not slippery and weather resistant, contact ONSUN. We have manufactured different types of WPC decks with customizable options for over 20 years now. And we supply produce to more than 52 countries. 

FAQs

How do l choose the right color and style for my WPC deck?

Selecting the right color and style for your WPC deck involves considering your home’s architectural style, exterior colors, and the surrounding environment. And you can choose neutral tones like grays and browns, which are versatile. On the other hand, bold colors can make a statement. Also, you can perform some test samples in different lighting conditions to ensure they complement your space.

Can you provide information on the specific tools, fasteners, and installation techniques recommended for WPC decking products？

For WPC decking, use hidden fasteners like CAMO Edge Clips or CONCEALoc for a clean finish. And use tools like electric drills, screwdrivers, and rubber hammers. Don’t forget to ensure proper gapping (e.g., 3/16″) for thermal expansion and drainage. Finally, start installation boards on a leveled base with screws or clips by following manufacturer guidelines.

Can you provide a detailed breakdown of the WPC deck？

WPC decking is made from wood fibers and thermoplastics, combining the natural look of wood with plastic’s durability. It resists weathering, fading, and rot. And the components are decking boards, joists, fasteners, and edge covers. It’s ideal for outdoor spaces like patios and walkways due to its low maintenance.

What is the warranty period for your wood plastic composite deck products?   

The warranty period for WPC decks varies by manufacturer but typically ranges from 10 to 25 years. However, with proper care and maintenance, you can increase its lifespan. 

Contact us to discuss your requirements of Co-Extrusion WPC Flooring. Our experienced sales team can help you identify the options that best suit your needs.