General Guide to Pharmaceutical Intermediates

Intermediates are a very important type of fine chemical products, in essence, a class of "semi-finished products", mainly used in the synthesis of pharmaceuticals, pesticides, coatings, dyes and fragrances. In the pharmaceutical field, intermediates are used to produce APIs. So what exactly is a pharmaceutical intermediate? Please follow Boze to understand!

What is pharmaceutical intermediates?

The so-called pharmaceutical intermediates are actually some chemical raw materials or chemical products used in the process of drug synthesis. This kind of chemical products, without the production license of drugs, can be produced in ordinary chemical plants, and when they reach some levels, they can be used in the synthesis of drugs.

At present, the most promising varieties of pharmaceutical intermediates are mainly as follows.

1. Nucleoside intermediates. This kind of intermediates synthesis of anti-AIDS drugs is mainly zidovudine.

2. Cardiovascular intermediates. Such as the synthesis of sartan drugs because of its more complete antihypertensive effect, less side effects, long efficacy (can be stable control of blood pressure for 24 hours) and can be used in combination with other sartan drugs, etc., has become a widely used hypertension treatment drugs.

3. Fluorine-containing intermediates. This kind of intermediates synthesized fluorine-containing drugs because of its excellent efficacy in recent years to obtain rapid development, in 1970 only 2% of the market fluorine-containing drugs, to 2013 is increased to 25%. Representative products such as fluoroquinolone anti-infective drugs, antidepressant fluoxetine, and antifungal drug fluconazole account for a relatively high proportion of clinical use, with fluoroquinolone anti-infective drugs accounting for about 15% of the global market share of anti-infective drugs. In addition, trifluoroethanol is an important intermediate for the synthesis of anesthetics, while trifluoromethylaniline is an important intermediate for the synthesis of antimalarial drugs, anti-inflammatory and analgesic drugs, anti-prostate drugs, antidepressants, and the market prospect is also very broad.

4. Heterocyclic intermediates. Represented by pyridine and piperazine, they are mainly used in the synthesis of anti-ulcer drugs, bulk gastric drugs, anti-inflammatory and anti-infective drugs, high-efficiency antihypertensive drugs and new anti-breast cancer drug Letrozole.

The production process of pharmaceutical intermediates is as follows.

1. The raw materials of pharmaceutical intermediates containing 1% to 25% salt are passed through microfiltration membrane and ultrafiltration membrane in order to remove large molecule particles, organic matter and colloid from the solution.

2. Will remove the large molecules, organic matter and colloid of the raw material solution cooling down to 10 ℃ to 25 ℃.

3. The cooled raw material solution is pressurized by booster pump and high pressure pump in turn, and the constant capacity desalination technology of nanofiltration is used to wash and concentrate the pharmaceutical intermediates, and the rate of adding permeate in the desalination process is equal to the membrane flux, controlling the temperature from 2℃ to 45℃ and the operating pressure from 2.0Mpa to 3.8Mpa.

4. The concentrated solution after desalination goes directly to the next process.

5. In the process of washing and concentration of pharmaceutical intermediates by nanofiltration constant volume desalination technology, the economically valuable substances in the permeate can be selectively concentrated and recovered.

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